As a leading material used in aerospace engineering, aluminium possesses many key characteristics that make it the go-to material for designers and engineers. In this blog, we’ll discuss the unique features of aluminium and why it is a preferred choice over other materials in the aerospace industry.

Lightweight but strong

One of the most significant advantages of aluminium is its lightweight yet strong properties. Unlike other materials such as steel, aluminium is approximately one-third the density, making it an ideal choice for aircraft and spacecraft. This lower density leads to a lighter weight, which translates into increased fuel efficiency, reduced operating costs, and improved overall performance.

Despite its lightness, aluminium is also remarkably strong and durable. This strength is due to the unique way in which aluminium atoms bond together, forming a crystal lattice structure that is resistant to deformation and breakage. This combination of lightness and strength makes aluminium the ideal choice for structural components of aerospace vehicles.

Excellent corrosion resistance

Another advantage of aluminium is its excellent corrosion resistance. Corrosion can cause significant damage to aircraft and spacecraft, which can lead to costly repairs and downtime. However, aluminium is highly resistant to corrosion, thanks to the natural oxide layer that forms on its surface when exposed to air. This oxide layer acts as a protective barrier, preventing further corrosion and degradation.

Furthermore, if any damage occurs to the oxide layer, aluminium is highly reactive to oxygen, allowing it to self-heal by quickly forming a new layer. This self-healing property is essential in the harsh environments encountered in aerospace vehicles, where exposure to moisture and other corrosive elements is common.

High thermal conductivity

Aerospace vehicles encounter a wide range of temperatures, from sub-zero conditions at high altitudes to the extreme heat generated during re-entry into the earth’s atmosphere. Aluminium's high thermal conductivity makes it an excellent choice for managing these temperature changes.

Aluminium’s high thermal conductivity allows it to transfer heat quickly and efficiently, which is vital for managing temperature changes in critical components. This thermal conductivity also means that aluminium can be easily cooled or heated as required, which is essential for maintaining optimal performance in all aerospace vehicles.

Versatile and easy to manufacture

Aluminium is a highly versatile material that can be formed and shaped into various shapes and sizes, making it easier to manufacture into complex components required in aerospace engineering. The manufacturing process for aluminium is relatively simple, which makes it a cost-effective choice for the aerospace industry.

Aluminium can also be easily joined with other materials, allowing for the creation of hybrid materials with unique properties that can be achieved with a single material. This versatility and ease of manufacturing make aluminium an ideal choice for aerospace engineering.

Sustainability

Sustainability is becoming increasingly critical in modern manufacturing, and aluminium is a material that is easy to recycle and reuse. Approximately 75% of all aluminium ever produced is still used today, highlighting the longevity and recyclability of this material. This sustainability makes aluminium an attractive choice for aerospace manufacturers, as it aligns with the industry’s increasing focus on reducing carbon emissions and waste.

Conclusion

In conclusion, aluminium is a go-to material for aerospace engineering due to its characteristics. As aerospace technology continues to evolve, aluminium will likely remain a crucial material in the industry for years to come.

If you are looking to get bespoke pieces for use within the aerospace industry, or for any other use, get in touch with us today on 01772 324277, and our team will be happy to help.